Relevance. In modern psychological practice aimed at psychocorrection of psychogenic disorders, it is possible to note the strengthening of the role of techniques using hypnosis. However, there is no single psychological model of hypnosis for the purposes of psychological practice. This article discusses the phenomenology of altered states of consciousness (ASC), trance and hypnosis in various physiological and psychological schools. The author’s view on how the results of various studies of ASC, trance and hypnosis correlate with each other is presented. Based on this, a unified psychological model of hypnosis for psychocorrective purposes is derived, which contributes to a better understanding of the unity of psychophysiological processes and leads to methodological unification.

Intention – To show the unity of psychophysiological processes and phenomena demonstrated by a person in these states as a result of generalization of knowledge about ASC, trance and hypnosis.

Methodology. A theoretical and empirical analysis of ASC, trance and hypnosis has been carried out, which makes it possible to identify the unity of psychophysiological states and psychological phenomena from the point of view of the nature and process of achieving these states. The data of studies of the physiological approach to the nature of hypnosis are compared with later psychological theories of hypnosis and studies of trance and ASC.

Results and Discussion. The article analyzes the nature and phenomena of hypnosis, trance and ASC from a psychological perspective. Theoretical and empirical results are compared. Much attention is paid to the correlation of psychological phenomena with the psychophysiological nature of hypnosis, trance and ASC. The study sheds light on the fact that hypnosis, trance and ASC have the same psychophysiological nature and lead to the same psychological phenomena, despite differences in techniques for achieving them.

Conclusion. It must be recognized that the discrepancies in the terms “hypnosis”, “trance” and “ASC” exist due to insufficient methodological elaboration. Hypnosis, trance and ASC are phenomena of the same order, of a common psychophysiological nature. The methodological generalization will expand the interpretation of the term “hypnosis”, show the breadth of its application and firmly introduce it into the psychocorrective activity of psychologists.

Relevance. The increasing number of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) draws the attention of researchers to solving the problems associated with the provision of medical and psychological assistance to such children. Insufficient awareness of parents of juvenile patients with ASD about the possibilities of treatment and forms of assistance can disrupt the treatment and rehabilitation process. One of the approaches aimed at solving this problem is psychoeducation.

Intention – to evaluate the effectiveness of a psychoeducational program for parents raising children with ASD.

Methodology. 75 families raising children aged 3–5 years with clinically verified diagnoses according to ICD-10 (F84.0x – childhood autism, F84.1x – atypical autism) took part in the study. A psychoeducational program was implemented with the parents of these children in the form of group thematic seminars. Before the program and 1.0–1.5 months after its completion, parents were assessed using the following methods: method for diagnosing attitudes towards a child’s illness by V.E. Kagan and I.P. Zhuravleva; modified questionnaire of parental attitude by A.Ya. Varga and V.V. Stolin for families raising children with mental disabilities (Galasyuk I.N., Mitina O.V.); ways of coping questionnaire by R. Lazarus (adapted by Wasserman L.I. et al.).

Results and Discussion. Parents of children with ASD are characterized by hyponosognosic, in some cases anosognostic attitude towards the child’s illness, lack of awareness about ASD, as well as insufficient knowledge and skills of interaction with the child. After completing the psychoeducational program, parents became more aware of and accept the child’s illness, their anxiety as well as internality decreased, while adherence to the route of managing a child with ASD, developed by a multidisciplinary team of specialists, increased. Parents began to realize the role of various factors that can both cause the disease and exacerbate its course. Parents shifted from internal to external polarity in attributing the causes of the disease, while assuming their own role in treatment and rehabilitation of their children.

Conclusion. The data obtained indicate the effectiveness of psychoeducational work with parents of children with ASD within a comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation process.

Relevance. Increased life expectancy and improved diagnosis contribute to an increase in the number of oncological diseases, which are the second most fatal diseases in the world. An average age at diagnosis is 64.5 years. They lead to severe emotional disturbances, a decrease in the quality of life, thus decreasing treatment effectiveness.

Intention. To study the emotional sphere, gerotranscendence, attitudes towards one’s future and their relationship with adherence to treatment in elderly and senile patients suffering from oncological diseases.

Methodology. Patients of elderly and senile age were examined. The following tests were used: the “Questionnaire of gerotranscendental changes” by O.Yu. Strizhitskaya; “Semantic time differential” by L.I. Wasserman to diagnose the subjective perception of the time of one’s life; the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30); “Russian universal questionnaire for the quantitative assessment of adherence to treatment”.

Results and Discussion. Affective disorders, namely depression manifestations, were revealed in oncological patients aged 76–90 years. The risk group is patients aged 76–90 years with an established oncological diagnosis (the lowest scores on all gerotranscendence scales, low scores on life time perception, low adherence to treatment). Adherence to treatment in cancer patients has stable direct relationships with all components of gerotranscendence and the perception of the magnitude of one’s past time.

Conclusion. Patients aged 76–90 years with oncological diseases are at risk of potentially decreased effectiveness of therapeutic intervention and rehabilitation. Therefore, patients of this age group need psychological support in the rehabilitation process.

Relevance. The problem of adherence to therapy in the clinic of urolithiasis remains insufficiently studied today. Despite the development of new methods of therapy and prevention, the incidence continues to increase not only in Russia, but also in other countries. The problem of re-stone formation is also an important aspect: about 10 % of patients have multiple recurrences, and 50 % of them experience re-stone formation at least once in their lifetime. However, the simplest preventive measures were shown to reduce the recurrence rate to 12 %, but according to studies, less than 50 % of patients follow these recommendations.

Intention of the study is to explore the socio-demographic and clinical factors that influence the formation of the degree of adherence to therapy in patients with urolithiasis.

Methodology. There were studied 72 patients at the stage of stationary treatment in the clinic of urology of the First St. Petersburg State Medical University n.a. I.P. Pavlov. The sample included 29 male and 43 female patients, aged 40 to 78 years, with average age of 50 years. To analyze the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients, the degree of awareness of the disease, special questionnaires were developed; the questionnaire was also developed to obtain an expert assessment of the degree of adherence to therapy. The questionnaire “Level of compliance” by R.V. Kadyrov was also used.

Results and Discussion. The assessment of the degree of adherence to therapy showed that at the stationary stage of therapy, patients have a high and moderate degree of adherence to therapy. Comparison of self-reports of patients with the assessment of adherence to therapy by doctors showed that doctors often give higher ratings than patients themselves.

Conclusion. The obtained data should be used in the development of methods aimed at increasing the degree of adherence to therapy for patients with urolithiasis, as well as guidelines for physicians.

Relevance. The features of the image of a doctor have become especially relevant in the last three years due to the protracted epidemic of a new coronavirus infection. Studies by foreign and Russian authors indicate that the image of a doctor and trust in him determine the nature of the patient’s expectations regarding medical care and readiness for compliance, and for doctors or medical university students serve as one of the guidelines for their professional development.

Intention – To study how the image of a doctor is perceived during a pandemic and how the meaningful characteristics of this image correlate with the level of trust in themselves and others in different groups of the population.

Methodology. A comparative empirical study was conducted in 206 students of Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod universities. A group of future doctors consisted of 104 students of medical faculties; a group of potential patients included 102 students of social and humanitarian faculties. Respondents were aged from 17 to 23 years (M = 19.31; SD = 1.33), 79.6 % of them were females. The method of semantic differential was used to study the image of a doctor, the level of trust in others was studied by the method of «Faith in people» (M. Rosenberg), the level of trust in themselves in different spheres was measured by a reflexive questionnaire (T.P. Skripkina).

Results and Discussion. According to the results, young students have a very positive image of a doctor during the pandemic. Significant differences in the image of a doctor among students of different faculties have been identified: students of medical universities have a more positive image of a doctor. There were no differences in the level of trust in others and in themselves among medical students and humanities students. Specific interrelations between the image of a doctor and trust in others and themselves have been established: direct correlations among medical students and inverse correlations among students of social sciences and humanitarian faculties. In general, increased levels of trust in both others and themselves among future medical professionals directly correlate with intensive positive assessments attributed to a doctor.

Conclusion. The obtained results can be used for developing models of positive image of health professionals and programs for psychological and pedagogical promotion of professional selfawareness of medical students.

Relevance. The study is relevant due to the fact that the COVID-19 infection has quickly spread across the planet and the causative agent of the disease is being actively introduced into the territory of the Russian Federation.

Intention − an analysis of publications on the features of cognitive impairment in the dynamics of COVID-19 infection in order to provide effective medical and psychological support during dynamic observation.

Methodology. When conducting the study in accordance with its purpose, scientific articles selected by the search methodology were used, published in English in the period from 2010 to 2022 in the electronic databases Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, Cochrane review. The search query included keywords and their combinations: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, neuropsychiatric disorders, cognitive impairment, pandemic.

Results and Discussion. The features of cognitive impairments in the dynamics of COVID-19 infection are considered with the aim of effective medical and psychological support of the affected persons during their dispensary-dynamic observation. Due to increasing reports of central nervous system injury from COVID-19, the current epidemic is likely to be accompanied by a significant increase in the prevalence of individuals with long-term cognitive dysfunction affecting the ability of the convalescent to return to daily life, which requires a comprehensive approach to rehabilitation measures.

Conclusion. As new strains of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with a high degree of immunity evasion have recently been identified, it is quite possible that new large waves of COVID-19 infection will appear this fall and winter. The revealed data indicate that stressful events across the entire population can somewhat change the trajectory of the personality, especially in young people, which must be taken into account in the medical and psychological support of those affected by COVID-19 infection.

Relevance. Unlike foreign dissertations, Russian dissertation research has a multi-level scientific expertise and a high level of evidence. Since 2022, a nomenclature of scientific specialties with new codes has been introduced; therefore, there is a need to study an array of dissertations with codes of specialties according to the previous nomenclature since 2010.

Intention – Analysis of domestic abstracts of dissertations on psychotherapy published in 2010– 2021 and indexed in the Russian State Library (RSL).

Methodology. The object of research was an RSL catalog “Author’s abstracts of dissertations”. The search mode made it possible to identify 238 abstracts of dissertations on psychotherapy and psychological correction published in 2010–2021.

Results and Discussion. Polynomial trend for dissertation abstracts showed a decrease with a very high determination coefficient (R² = 0.93). Annual numbers of dissertation abstracts averaged 20 ± 4, including 17 ± 3 and 3 ± 0.4 candidate and doctoral abstracts, respectively. Within the array, candidate and doctoral abstracts accounted for 86.4 % and 13.6 %, respectively; specialties were as follows: medical (47.6 %), psychological (44.5 %), biological (1.7 %), pedagogical (4.2 %), other sciences (2 %). Over time, candidate theses in medicine and psychology slightly decreased, while shares of doctoral theses in medicine and other sciences increased. Shares of doctoral theses in psychology over time resemble an inverted U-curve. Among all the dissertations, 83.6 % and 16.4 % were devoted to one and two specialties, respectively. About 53.4 % of degree applicants submitted their theses to dissertation councils without psychotherapy and psychological correction research in their specialties. Therefore, public testing of such theses was impeded.

Conclusion. The created array of abstracts of dissertations on psychotherapy and psychological correction will allow degree applicants to improve the information support of their work. Leading experts in psychotherapy and psychological correction should be more widely involved in the work of dissertation councils for adequate discussion on the research problems.